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Abstract: The legalization of recreational and medical cannabis has increased the availability and potency of cannabis products in homes and communities. Although state laws regarding legalization and commercial sale often encompass adult use only, pediatric toxicity from unintentional exposures to cannabis edibles and adolescent harm from chronic use are increasing in states and countries that have relaxed laws on use. Unintentional edible ingestions are shown to increase in regions that legalize and commercialize cannabis products at the retail level. Long-term effects on teenagers regarding psychiatric changes as well as acute gastrointestinal effects from hyperemesis syndrome are well documented in the medical literature... [Pediatr Ann. 2023;52(5):e181-e186.] (Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37159059/ )
Also see,
- Commercialising Cannabis Harms Communities and Children
- Pediatric Hospitalizations for Unintentional Cannabis Poisonings and All-Cause Poisonings Associated With Edible Cannabis Product Legalization and Sales in Canada.
- Acute cannabis toxicity.
- Cannabis Legalization and Acute Harm From High Potency Cannabis Products: A Narrative Review and Recommendations for Public Health.
- Cannabinoid toxicity in pediatrics.
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Moves by a small number of governments to legalize the non-medical use of cannabis have led to increased consumption without explaining the potentially serious health dangers that users face from the drug, a UN narcotics watchdog said on Thursday.
Issuing the warning at the launch of its annual report, the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) cited data indicating that the trend caused “negative health effects and psychotic disorders” among some recreational cannabis users, while also contravening the UN 1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs.
“In all jurisdictions where cannabis has been legalized, data show that cannabis-related health problems have increased,” INCB said. It pointed out that between 2000 and 2018, “global medical admissions related to cannabis dependence and withdrawal increased eight-fold. Admissions for cannabis-related psychotic disorders have quadrupled worldwide.”
United Nations News – March 2023
Also see
- Legalising Harm: Why Cannabis Legalisation is an Egregious Error
- Recreational cannabis legalization alters associations among cannabis use, perception of risk, and cannabis use disorder treatment for adolescents and young adults
- State Empowered Cannabis Induced Psychosis – What Legalizing Weed Does to Public Mental Health
- Cannabis Leads in Race to Psychotic Disorders
- Cannabis Legalization Increases Consumption and all the Attending Harms
- Pediatric cannabis intoxication trends in the pre and post-legalization era
- How Legalizing Cannabis Effects your Health & Safety:
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Prospective associations between cannabis use and depressive symptoms across adolescence and early adulthood
Abstract: Cannabis use and occurrences of depression during adolescence are common. However, the temporal relationship between the two is less understood. Does depression lead to cannabis use, or does cannabis use lead to depression, or is it a combination of both? Furthermore, this directionality is confounded by other substance use, specifically binge drinking, which is common during adolescence. This study aimed to examine the temporal directionality of cannabis use and depression among a prospective, longitudinal, sequential cohort of 15 to 24-year-olds. Data were drawn from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA) study. The final sample included 767 participants. Multilevel regression models were run to assess concurrent (at the same time point) and prospective (1 year later) associations between cannabis use and depression. When measured concurrently, depressive symptoms did not significantly predict past-month cannabis use but did significantly predict more days of use among cannabis users. Prospective associations indicated that depressive symptoms significantly predicted cannabis use 1 year later and cannabis use significantly predicted depressive symptoms 1 year later. We found no evidence that these associations varied by age or binge drinking. Overall, the relationship between cannabis use and depression appears to be complex and not unidirectional
Conclusion: In this longitudinal study of a large sample of adolescents and young adults, we found that cannabis use is positively associated with depression, but the relationship appears to be complex and not unidirectional. Depressive symptoms were associated with more cannabis use in those already using cannabis, and frequency of use predicted greater depression symptoms 1 year later, even after adjusting for current levels of cannabis use. (Source: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165178123001415?via%3Dihub)
Also see
- MARIJUANA MAY EASE SYMPTOMS OF DEPRESSION – BUT ONLY MAKE YOUR DEPRESSION WORSE
- SMOKING CANNABIS IN YOUR TEENS IS LINKED TO DEPRESSION IN LATER LIFE
- Associations of Suicidality Trends With Cannabis Use as a Function of Sex and Depression Status
- High-strength cannabis linked to addiction and mental health problems
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Cannabis & Motivation or Not or….
Testing the Amotivational Syndrome: Marijuana Use Longitudinally Predicts Lower Self-Efficacy Even After Controlling for Demographics, Personality, and Alcohol and Cigarette Use
- Take away: The research team found that only marijuana (but not alcohol or tobacco) intake significantly and longitudinally prompted lower initiative and persistence and provides partial support for the marijuana amotivational syndrome.
Abstract:The marijuana amotivational syndrome posits that cannabis use fosters apathy through the depletion of motivation-based constructs such as self-efficacy. The current study pursued a two-round design to rule out concomitant risk factors responsible for the connection from marijuana intake to lower general self-efficacy. College students (N = 505) completed measures of marijuana use, demographics (age, gender, and race), personality (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and neuroticism), other substance use (alcohol and tobacco), and general self-efficacy (initiative, effort, and persistence) in two assessments separated by a month. Hierarchical regression models found that marijuana use forecasted lower initiative and persistence, even after statistically ruling out 13 pertinent baseline covariates including demographics, personality traits, alcohol use, tobacco use, and self-efficacy subscales. A cross-lagged panel model involving initiative, effort, persistence, alcohol use, cigarette use, and marijuana use sought to unravel the temporal precedence of processes. Results showed that only marijuana (but not alcohol or tobacco) intake significantly and longitudinally prompted lower initiative and persistence. Furthermore, in the same model, the opposite temporal direction of events from lower general self-efficacy subscales to marijuana use was untenable. Findings provide partial support for the marijuana amotivational syndrome, underscore marijuana as a risk factor for decreased general self-efficacy, and offer implications and insights for marijuana prevention and future research.
(Source: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28620722/
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Young men at highest risk of schizophrenia linked with cannabis use disorder May 4, 2023
NIH study highlights the need to proactively screen for, prevent, and treat cannabis use disorder especially among young people.
Young men with cannabis (marijuana) use disorder have an increased risk of developing schizophrenia, according to a study led by researchers at the Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark and the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) at the National Institutes of Health. The study, published in Psychological Medicine, analyzed detailed health records data spanning 5 decades and representing more than 6 million people in Denmark to estimate the fraction of schizophrenia cases that could be attributed to cannabis use disorder on the population level.
Researchers found strong evidence of an association between cannabis use disorder and schizophrenia among men and women, though the association was much stronger among young men. Using statistical models, the study authors estimated that as many as 30% of cases of schizophrenia among men aged 21-30 might have been prevented by averting cannabis use disorder.
“The entanglement of substance use disorders and mental illnesses is a major public health issue, requiring urgent action and support for people who need it,” said NIDA Director and study coauthor Nora Volkow, M.D. “As access to potent cannabis products continues to expand, it is crucial that we also expand prevention, screening, and treatment for people who may experience mental illnesses associated with cannabis use…”
Also see All Young Cannabis Users Face Psychosis Risk and Get-a-Clue Weed
- Cannabis and Tobacco – Nasty Combination and a Wrecking Ball of Teen Mental Health (Vaping makes both easier to do – School-based interventions a key)
- Perinatal Cannabis Use is Very Harmful for the Developing Baby (both short and long term)
- Marijuana: All Facts & Numbers
- “Cannabis is good! I read it on Facebook – Amazing product!”